Toxoplasmosis, a one-celled parasite found in many meats, can occur in South Carolina deer, according to a South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) deer biologist. Toxoplasmosis is caused by a parasite, and it is one of the most common diseases transmitted from animals to humans. Authorities estimate between 30 - 60 % of adults in the United States have been exposed to the parasite, but the organism rarely causes disease. Although most human infections are silent, there may be brief flu-like symptoms in some cases. The greatest risk of real illness in humans would likely be in someone whose immune system is already compromised. Since white-tailed deer can be infected with the toxoplasmosis organism, there is a chance that humans can become infected if the meat is not properly handled. This is also true for common domestic meats as well. Sportsmen can minimize their risks of toxoplasmosis infection by following these guidelines with venison:

• Do not handle fresh carcasses or meat with wounds on their hands

• Freeze all meat before cooking because freezing kills the majority of the parasites

• Cook venison thoroughly (160ºF)

• Although toxoplasmosis normally does not cause illness in humans, women who are pregnant or are planning to become pregnancy should be particularly careful because the effect of toxoplasmosis to an unborn fetus can be severe. The bottom line is that toxoplasmosis is not just related to deer meat. Evidence suggests that the potential for contracting the disease from venison is probably the same as it is from domestic meats. Healthy people in general should not be overly concerned with the disease since there is a good chance they have already been exposed to it. Precautionary measures are most important for high-risk individuals, such as pregnant women and people with a pre-existing condition that has compromised their immune system.