Families will be gathering for Christmas this week. There may be visiting pets and more food present that your pet would love to sample.

It’s time for some tips about the holidays.

Keep an eye on your dog

Presented with an unguarded selection of food, you might be surprised how fast your dog can move.

I’ve left a table unguarded, only to return to find one of my dogs on his back legs stealing a slice of turkey off the plate.

It’s not just food dishes. Dogs will also go for the alcoholic beverages.

Don’t forget about trash cans. Bones tossed in the trash are very enticing for your pet. Remember, even if you don’t smell the contents of the trash can your dog certainly can. I have treated many pets that tipped over the trash can to have a feast.

What’s safe?

A small amount of lean turkey, ham, roast beef, or salmon is usually tolerated with no problem.

Green beans, blueberries, pieces of apple, strawberries, and carrots are also acceptable treats.

If your pet has a food allergy you may have to avoid some of these treats. Moderation is the key.

What to avoid

• Fatty Trimmings -These can cause issues from an upset stomach to potentially life threatening pancreatitis.

• Grapes and Raisins – These foods can cause kidney failure in our pets, and we don’t know exactly why.

• Chocolate – It can cause upset stomach, tremors, and in extreme cases can be fatal. However, milk chocolate is not nearly as dangerous as dark, bittersweet, and baker’s chocolate.

In the case of milk chocolate, it takes 3 ounces (size of a standard chocolate bar) to create symptoms for a 10 pound dog. If your pet eats 1 or 2 small pieces of milk chocolate, they will be fine.

Darker chocolates have a much higher concentration of theobromine, a caffeine-like chemical. This means much smaller amounts cause issues for your pet.

• Macadamia Nuts – This particular type of nut can result in rear-leg paralysis and upset stomach in pets. Just like raisins and grapes, we don’t know the exact reason.

• Onions – We use these in lots of dishes, but they can cause life-threatening anemia in our cats and dogs.

• Xylitol – This sweetener can cause liver damage, low blood sugar, and death in dogs. It is found in gelatins, candies, baked goods, and other desserts. It is also present in many chewing gums, breath mints, toothpaste and mouthwashes.

If you are giving food gifts this holiday season, a good habit to get into is to put a note on the package that it is not pet-safe. Just like the trash can, they can smell food inside a present even if you can’t.

• Medicines – Always keep medicine bottles securely closed and out of the reach of pets and children.

The ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at 1-888-426-4435 is a good number to have on hand. But they will charge for their services.

Non-food dangers

• Holiday plants: Poinsettias can cause irritation to the mouth and stomach and may cause mild vomiting.

If holly is ingested it can cause vomiting, diarrhea and lethargy.

Mistletoe ingestion usually only causes gastrointestinal upset. However, some mistletoes are more toxic than others and can cause cardiovascular problems, liver failure, and seizures.

Any type of potpourri is dangerous if ingested.

Christmas tree water may contain fertilizer or be contaminated with contain bacteria. It can lead to vomiting/diarrhea if ingested.

• Christmas decorations: Both cats and dogs may chew on the cords which can lead to electrocution or severe burns. Be sure to hide or cover electrical cords.

Ribbon and tinsel can get caught in the intestinal tract of cats and dogs.

Batteries and ornaments, especially glass ones, are also a potential hazard for your pet.

Keep pets at ease

Now that I have scared everyone talking about the hazards your pet can encounter, I’d like to touch on things you can do for your pet to make their holiday experience more enjoyable.

• Lots of guests can definitely stress your pet, especially cats. Try and keep their favorite place free from the holiday frenzy so they can relax.

• As much as possible, keep your dog’s exercise schedule as normal as possible as this will help decrease anxiety and misbehavior.

• If traveling with your pet, be sure your pet and the host’s pets will get along. It can be a stressful visit for everyone if your pet thinks the host pet is prey.

• Calming aids such as Adaptil or Feliway can ease stress for your pet. You may need to discuss anti-anxiety medication with your veterinarian if your pet doesn’t travel well or becomes anxious in new settings.

• If you’re buying new toys for your pets, remember what makes the best gift: spending time and playing with your animals.

We wish you and your pets a safe, healthy and happy holiday.